BRENDA Tissue Ontology (BTO)

The BRENDA Tissue Ontology (BTO) is a structured controlled vocabulary for describing and classifying enzyme sources, including tissues, cell lines, cell types, and cell cultures [1] [2]. Developed as part of the BRENDA enzyme information system, BTO provides standardized terminology for identifying biological sample origins in enzymatic, biochemical, and molecular biology studies [2].

BTO supports semantic annotation and integration of enzyme-related data by linking tissue and cell-source information to biochemical research records [1] [2]. It includes terms for tissues, anatomical structures, organs, cell cultures, cell types, and cell lines from different organisms, enabling accurate search and comparison of enzymes studied in specific biological contexts [2].

Example Usage: Annotate an enzyme assay result with a BTO term such as BTO:0000079 for liver or BTO:0000142 for kidney to indicate the tissue source of the enzyme sample, enabling semantic search and integration with biochemical databases [1] [2].

Metrics & Statistics

Graph Statistics

Total Nodes

37130

Total Edges

86188

Root Nodes

5619

Leaf Nodes

21886

Knowledge Coverage Statistics

Classes

6569

Individuals

0

Properties

10

Hierarchical Metrics

Maximum Depth

7

Minimum Depth

0

Average Depth

1.37

Depth Variance

0.68

Breadth Metrics

Maximum Breadth

16002

Minimum Breadth

9

Average Breadth

4411.62

Breadth Variance

36150459.73

LLMs4OL Dataset Statistics

Term Types

0

Taxonomic Relations

5888

Non-taxonomic Relations

0

Average Terms per Type

0.00

Usage Example

Use the following code to import this ontology programmatically:

from ontolearner.ontology import BTO

ontology = BTO()
ontology.load("path/to/BTO-ontology.owl")

# Extract datasets
data = ontology.extract()

# Access specific relations
term_types = data.term_typings
taxonomic_relations = data.type_taxonomies
non_taxonomic_relations = data.type_non_taxonomic_relations

References