Digital Buildings Ontology (DBO)

The Digital Buildings Ontology (DBO) is a structured vocabulary developed by Google for representing information about buildings and building-installed equipment [1] [2]. DBO provides a semantic model for describing building assets, physical spaces, equipment, entity types, operational states, fields, units, and relationships in smart-building environments [1] [2]. The ontology supports the integration and consistent representation of heterogeneous building data through a common semantic model and associated validation tooling [1] [3]. DBO is designed to be extensible and applicable across different buildings and equipment configurations, supporting scalable deployment and reuse of building-management applications [2] [3]. By standardizing how building systems and their relationships are represented, DBO supports building data management, monitoring, analytics, and interoperability across smart-building environments [1] [2]. The ontology is open source and maintained through Google’s Digital Buildings repository [1].

Example Usage: Annotate a smart-building system with DBO terms to describe HVAC equipment, lighting systems, sensors, telemetry fields, operational states, and spatial locations, enabling consistent building-data representation, validation, monitoring, and integration with building-management applications [1] [2] [3]. Metrics & Statistics ————————–

Graph Statistics

Total Nodes

13152

Total Edges

32491

Root Nodes

1

Leaf Nodes

686

Knowledge Coverage Statistics

Classes

3032

Individuals

35

Properties

7

Hierarchical Metrics

Maximum Depth

3

Minimum Depth

0

Average Depth

1.57

Depth Variance

0.82

Breadth Metrics

Maximum Breadth

3

Minimum Breadth

1

Average Breadth

1.75

Breadth Variance

0.69

LLMs4OL Dataset Statistics

Term Types

35

Taxonomic Relations

18738

Non-taxonomic Relations

12

Average Terms per Type

2.06

Usage Example

Use the following code to import this ontology programmatically:

from ontolearner.ontology import DBO

ontology = DBO()
ontology.load("path/to/DBO-ontology.rdf")

# Extract datasets
data = ontology.extract()

# Access specific relations
term_types = data.term_typings
taxonomic_relations = data.type_taxonomies
non_taxonomic_relations = data.type_non_taxonomic_relations

References