.. sidebar::

    .. list-table:: **Ontology Card**
       :header-rows: 0

       * - **Domain**
         - Library and Cultural Heritage
       * - **Category**
         - Authority Files
       * - **Current Version**
         - 1.2.0
       * - **Last Updated**
         - 2024-08-26
       * - **Creator**
         - Alexander Haffner
       * - **License**
         - Creative Commons 1.0
       * - **Format**
         - rdf
       * - **Download**
         - `Download Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) <https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd>`_

Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND)
========================================================================================================

The Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND, Integrated Authority File) is a comprehensive semantic vocabulary and linked data resource developed by the German library and information community for describing and disambiguating authority data. GND provides standardized, machine-readable descriptions of persons, organizations, geographic locations, corporate bodies, and other entities to solve name ambiguity problems in library catalogs and information systems. The ontology offers a rich set of properties and relationships for describing biographical data, organizational hierarchies, place names, and subject matter authorities. GND is widely used in German-speaking libraries, archives, and cultural heritage institutions for authority control and semantic data linking. The vocabulary integrates with broader linked data ecosystems and international authority systems (VIAF, LCSH) to enable cross-institutional data integration and discovery.

**Example Usage**: Link a library catalog record to GND authority entries for the author (as person), publisher (as corporate body), and subject headings (as topic authorities) to enable semantic discovery and disambiguation across German and international library systems.

Metrics & Statistics
--------------------------

.. tab:: Graph


    .. list-table:: Graph Statistics
        :widths: 50 50
        :header-rows: 0

        * - **Total Nodes**
          - 2100
        * - **Total Edges**
          - 4128
        * - **Root Nodes**
          - 0
        * - **Leaf Nodes**
          - 1008
    ::


.. tab:: Coverage


    .. list-table:: Knowledge Coverage Statistics
        :widths: 50 50
        :header-rows: 0

        * - **Classes**
          - 247
        * - **Individuals**
          - 0
        * - **Properties**
          - 236

    ::

.. tab:: Hierarchy


    .. list-table:: Hierarchical Metrics
        :widths: 50 50
        :header-rows: 0

        * - **Maximum Depth**
          - 0
        * - **Minimum Depth**
          - 0
        * - **Average Depth**
          - 0.00
        * - **Depth Variance**
          - 0.00
    ::


.. tab:: Breadth


    .. list-table:: Breadth Metrics
        :widths: 50 50
        :header-rows: 0

        * - **Maximum Breadth**
          - 0
        * - **Minimum Breadth**
          - 0
        * - **Average Breadth**
          - 0.00
        * - **Breadth Variance**
          - 0.00
    ::

.. tab:: LLMs4OL


    .. list-table:: LLMs4OL Dataset Statistics
        :widths: 50 50
        :header-rows: 0

        * - **Term Types**
          - 0
        * - **Taxonomic Relations**
          - 70
        * - **Non-taxonomic Relations**
          - 3
        * - **Average Terms per Type**
          - 0.00
    ::

Usage Example
----------------
Use the following code to import this ontology programmatically:

.. code-block:: python

    from ontolearner.ontology import GND

    ontology = GND()
    ontology.load("path/to/GND-ontology.rdf")

    # Extract datasets
    data = ontology.extract()

    # Access specific relations
    term_types = data.term_typings
    taxonomic_relations = data.type_taxonomies
    non_taxonomic_relations = data.type_non_taxonomic_relations